Project coverage guide

Gravel Calculator

Estimate how much gravel you need for paths, driveways, borders, and landscaping.

Calculator

Enter your details to generate a practical estimate and copyable summary.

Measurement units

Download the checklist

Keep the practical checks, caution notes, and next steps handy while comparing options.

Download checklist

Common use cases

Worked examples

Pre-calculated results for common situations. See all examples.

How this estimate works

The calculator turns the finished surface area and gravel depth into cubic metres, then converts that volume into weight using the density you choose. It includes a 10% allowance for settling, small measuring errors, and losses around edges, then rounds bag counts up because suppliers sell whole bags.

  • Volume = length x width x depth, with depth converted from centimetres to metres.
  • Weight = volume x aggregate density x a 10% waste and settling allowance.
  • Bag count = estimated kg divided by bag size, rounded up.
  • Bulk bag estimates depend on the bag weight entered, because supplier bag sizes vary.

Before ordering gravel

Check the depth for the intended use, measure the actual finished area after edging, and compare small bags with bulk-bag or loose-load delivery. For driveways, shed bases, and other load-bearing jobs, confirm the sub-base and drainage build-up before treating the decorative gravel quantity as the whole job.

Worked example

A 5 x 2 m area at 5 cm depth is 0.5 cubic metres before allowance. At 1.6 t/m3, that is about 0.8 tonnes before allowance and about 0.88 tonnes after the 10% allowance. If the supplier sells 20 kg bags, divide 880 kg by 20 kg and round up, giving 44 bags.

Gravel coverage examples

These examples use a 10% allowance and 1.6 t/m3 density. They are useful for sense-checking, but supplier density, bag weight, moisture, compaction, and the finished build-up can change the actual order.

Area and depthApproximate volumeApproximate weight
3 x 1 m at 4 cm0.12 m30.21 tonnes
5 x 2 m at 5 cm0.5 m30.88 tonnes
8 x 1 m at 5 cm0.4 m30.7 tonnes
10 x 3 m at 5 cm1.5 m32.64 tonnes
4 x 4 m at 7.5 cm1.2 m32.11 tonnes
20 m2 at 5 cm1.0 m31.76 tonnes

Before you order

  • Measure the finished area after edging or borders are planned.
  • Choose depth based on the intended use, not only appearance.
  • Confirm aggregate density and bag size with the supplier.
  • Compare small bags, bulk bags, and loose delivery for larger jobs.
  • Check whether the supplier quotes by kg, tonnes, bulk bags, or cubic metres.
  • Confirm where the delivery can be dropped and how far the gravel must be moved.
  • Keep a note of the length, width, depth, density, bag size, and allowance used.
  • For driveways or bases, confirm sub-base, compaction, and drainage requirements before ordering.

When this estimate may be wrong

  • Uneven ground, compaction, and sub-base requirements can change the final quantity.
  • Irregular shapes need separate area measurements or a conservative allowance.
  • Driveways and load-bearing areas may need construction guidance beyond decorative gravel depth.
  • Bulk bags are not always the same weight, even when they look similar in product photos.
  • Moist aggregate can weigh more than dry aggregate, so supplier figures should take priority.
  • Large stones may need a deeper layer than small decorative chippings to give even coverage.

FAQ

What depth should gravel be?

It depends on the project. Decorative borders can often be estimated with a shallower finished depth than paths, while driveways and bases need separate checks for sub-base, drainage, and compaction. Use the calculator to compare depths, then confirm the build-up for load-bearing work.

Should I add extra?

Yes, a small allowance is sensible for settlement, measuring errors, edging losses, and small spills. The calculator uses a 10% allowance. For awkward shapes, uneven ground, or long edges, check whether a larger allowance is prudent before ordering.

Does this work in cubic yards and US tons?

Yes. The result shows volume in cubic metres and cubic yards, and weight in tonnes and US tons, so you can order in either metric or US-customary units.

How do I use the calculator for bulk bags?

Enter the supplier's bulk bag weight in the bag size field. For example, use 850 if the bag is listed as 850 kg. The calculator divides the estimated kg by that bag weight and rounds up to the next whole bag.

Why does aggregate density change the result?

The area and depth give volume, but many suppliers sell by weight. Density converts cubic metres into tonnes or kg. Pea gravel, slate chippings, cobbles, and sub-base materials can have different densities, so supplier data should replace the default when available.

Can I use this for MOT Type 1 or sub-base material?

You can use it as a quantity estimator by choosing the MOT Type 1 preset or entering a custom density, but calculate sub-base layers separately from decorative gravel. This calculator does not decide the correct structural build-up for a driveway, patio, or base.

How should I measure an irregular gravel area?

Split the area into rectangles where possible, calculate each area, and add them together. For curves, use an average width and add a sensible allowance. Exclude fixed features such as steps, drains, planters, and paving that will not be covered.

Why do supplier coverage estimates differ?

Coverage estimates depend on depth, aggregate density, bag weight, moisture, and how full a bulk bag is. A supplier quote at 3 cm depth is not comparable with your project if you plan to lay 5 cm or 7.5 cm.

Should I order small bags or bulk bags?

Small bags are convenient for small borders and touch-up jobs. Bulk bags or loose delivery usually make more sense for larger areas, but check delivery access, drop-off location, handling effort, and the exact bag weight before comparing prices.

Can I rely on this for a driveway?

Use it to estimate the visible gravel or selected aggregate layer, not as driveway construction advice. Driveways may need a compacted sub-base, edge restraints, drainage, and a project-specific depth.

This is an estimate. Site conditions, compaction, and aggregate type can change the final quantity.